Abstract: Quantum dots (QDs), with diameters ranging from 1 to 20 nm, are zero-dimensional nanomaterials. They possess excellent optical properties, including size tunability, broad excitation spectra, high quantum efficiency, wide wavelength range, high photostability, and low photolysis. When the size of QDs approaches or becomes smaller than the exciton Bohr radius, the original material's continuous band structure undergoes quantization, leading to significant changes in properties and exhibiting outstanding optoelectronics performance. This review introduces the preparation methods of QDs, among which the ultrasonic method, as a common "top-down" method, is widely used because of its advantages of simple operation and environmental friendliness. Firstly, the mechanism and characterization techniques of non-metal and non-metallic compound QDs prepared by the ultrasonic method were prepared, and the effects of dispersants agent, ultrasonic power, and time on their size and morphology were analyzed. Subsequently, the application of non-metal and non-metallic compounds QDs prepared by the ultrasonic method in laser, solar cell, and other fields is discussed. The challenges and issues in current research are addressed, and personal perspectives and insights are provided. Finally, the prospect is given.