Abstract: In order to achieve the measurement of gravitational wave signals in the millihertz frequency band, the space-based gravitational wave detection projects such as LISA, TianQin, and Taiji projects, which are based on laser interference systems, require the hardware noise floor of the interferometers to be lower than the interstellar weak light shot noise limit. This imposes stringent engineering specifications on the optical-mechanical design and the corresponding interferometer payload. This paper approaches the issue from the perspective of detection mode selection and derives the expressions of readout noise and stray light noise in the interference signal under the single detector mode and the balanced mode. Furthermore, a detailed discussion is provided on the weak-light interference process of the scientific interferometer. The results demonstrate that the balanced mode is capable of suppressing the interference phase noise caused by laser power fluctuations and backscattered stray light across multiple orders of magnitude. However, the suppression capability is constrained by the unequal splitting property of the beam combiner. To address this, a relative gain factor is introduced to compensate for the unequal splitting property of the beam combiner. Further analysis reveals that electronic gain compensation can only eliminate the impact of unequal splitting on one of the two noises rather than both simultaneously. Therefore, a balance must be struck in selecting gain compensation between the suppression of laser power fluctuation noise and stray light noise. Even with this consideration, the balanced mode still offers significant noise suppression capabilities at a magnitude difference, thus potentially reducing the engineering requirements for laser power fluctuations and telescope backscattered stray light.