Abstract: Benefiting from the advantages of small size, compact structure, and easy integration, miniature spectral detection technologies based on metasurfaces have been widely studied in recent years. However, the existing designs of the metasurfaces-based miniature spectral detection system usually lack the quantitative analysis of the relationship between the average correlation values of the metasurfaces transmission spectra and the reconstruction quality. The random selection method used in the existing design process cannot guarantee the optimal reconstruction quality. This paper quantitatively analyzes the relationship between the average correlation value of the metasurfaces transmission spectra and reconstruction quality, and proposes a design methodology for miniature spectral detection based on metasurfaces. In addition, this paper also verifies the spectral properties of the metasurfaces-based miniature spectral detection technology. Compared with the random selection design methodology, the proposed methodology can improve the reconstruction fidelity of broadband spectral and image signals.