Abstract: With the continuous advancement of semiconductor processes and nanotechnology, semiconductor-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS-II) not only inherits the advantages of SERS such as high sensitivity and "molecular fingerprint peaks", but also demonstrates advantages, including low cost, high stability, and excellent biocompatibility. Therefore, SERS-II technology has further propelled the vigorous development of the SERS field and rejuvenated it with new vitality. On the occasion of the 50th anniversary of SERS development, this review provides an in-depth summary and discussion of the basic principle, semiconductor material classification, improvement strategies, and application domains of SERS-II technology, while also offering prospects for its future development. The review aims to equip beginners and researchers in the SERS field with robust foundational knowledge and to serve as a reference to advance the development and practical implementation of SERS technology.