All-dielectric terahertz metasurface based on bound states in the continuum and the research of its equivalent parameter

Jia Xingning; Wang Meng; Zhao Yuehan; Zhao Ruiqi; Lu Guizhen

doi:10.12086/oee.2025.240274

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Jia X N, Wang M, Zhao Y H, et al. All-dielectric terahertz metasurface based on bound states in the continuum and the research of its equivalent parameter[J]. Opto-Electron Eng, 2025, 52(2): 240274. doi: 10.12086/oee.2025.240274

Citation:

Jia X N, Wang M, Zhao Y H, et al. All-dielectric terahertz metasurface based on bound states in the continuum and the research of its equivalent parameter[J]. Opto-Electron Eng, 2025, 52(2): 240274. doi: 10.12086/oee.2025.240274

All-dielectric terahertz metasurface based on bound states in the continuum and the research of its equivalent parameter

1.
School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
2.
School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
3.
Shandong Key Laboratory of Low-altitude Airspace Surveillance Network Technology, QILU Aerospace Information Research Institute (AIR), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Jinan, Shandong 250000, China
4.
State Key Laboratory of Media Convergence and Communication, Communication University of China, Beijing 100024, China

Fund Project: The Key Research and Development Program of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Fund (2021BEB04068), the Natural Science Foundation of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Fund (2024AAC03046)

More Information

^*Corresponding author: wangmeng1993@email.tjut.edu.cn
CSTR: 32245.14.oee.2025.240274

Received Date 25 November 2024

Revised Date 15 January 2025

Accepted Date 15 January 2025

Published Date 28 February 2025

Abstract

Abstract

In this research, an all-dielectric terahertz metasurface based on bound states in the continuum (BIC) is proposed. Each structural unit of the metasurface consists of two rectangle blocks with square cross-sections and a substrate. The substrate material is quartz, and the rectangle block material of the surface is lossless silicon. The symmetry of the metasurface is broken by tchanging the cross-section area of the rectangle block, and the quasi-BIC is excited. The resonance with extremely narrow linewidth is obtained. The transmission spectra with different asymmetric, structural and material parameters are studied using finite element method (FEM) and control variable method. Meanwhile, the Q factor of the proposed metasurface is calculated, which can reach 1.1006×10⁴ and is higher than the Q factors from related listed references. In addition, this study is aimed at the limitations of the relatively limited research on the equivalent parameters of all-dielectric metasurfaces, the S-parameter extraction method is utilized to calculate and analyze the equivalent parameters of the proposed metasurface and the physical properties of the metasurface is studied from this perspective preliminarily.
- terahertz metasurface /
- bound states in the continuum /
- all-dielectric /
- equivalent parameters

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References

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Overview

Overview

In this research, an all-dielectric terahertz metasurface based on bound states in the continuum (BIC) is proposed. Each structural unit of the metasurface consists of two rectangle blocks with square cross-sections and a substrate. The asymmetric parameter Δw is defined as the reduction in edge length. The substrate material is quartz with a refractive index of 1.48, and the rectangular block material is silicon with a refractive index of 3.48 and no loss. The symmetry of the metasurface is broken by changing the cross-section area of the rectangle block, and the quasi-BIC is excited. The resonance with extremely narrow linewidth is obtained. The transmission spectra obtained from incident waves with different polarizations indicate that the resonance characteristics of the metasurface are significantly different under the two polarization modes, demonstrating its polarization dependence.

To study the resonance mechanism at the resonance frequency and gain a deeper understanding of the characteristics and behavior of the electric and magnetic fields, multipole decomposition is performed in Cartesian coordinates. At 1.6922 THz, the toroidal dipole (T_D) dominates and the electric quadrupole (Q_e) is suppressed, therefore the resonance type here is T_D resonance. At 1.7611 THz, Q_e dominates and T_D is suppressed, therefore the resonance type here belongs to Q_e resonance. The transmission spectra with different asymmetric , structural and material parameters are studied by using finite element method (FEM) and control variable method. Meanwhile, the Q factor of the proposed metasurface is calculated, which can reach 1.1006×10⁴. From the table, compared to the metasurfaces listed in other literature, the proposed metasurface achieves a higher Q value. In addition, under the selected conditions, as the absolute value of Δw increases, the Q value decreases significantly. That is, under certain conditions, the Q value has an inverse quadratic relationship with the asymmetric parameter Δw, satisfying the equation Q ∝ Δw⁻². At the same time, it can be seen that the closer the absolute value of Δw is to zero, the more the obtained Q value tends to infinity, which is in line with QBIC characteristics. In addition, this study is aimed at the limitations of the relatively limited research on the equivalent parameters of all-dielectric metasurfaces, the S-parameter extraction method is utilized to calculate and analyze the equivalent parameters of the proposed metasurface and the physical properties of the metasurface is studied from this perspective preliminarily.