Cover story: Balashov IS, Chezhegov AA, Chizhov AS, Grunin AA, Anokhin KV et al. Light-stimulated adaptive artificial synapse based on nanocrystalline metal-oxide film. Opto-Electron Sci 2, 230016 (2023).

Light-stimulated adaptive artificial synapse is an interesting advancement presented by a group of researchers in the ever-evolving world of artificial intelligence. Utilizing a nanocrystalline zinc oxide film, this synapse showcases essential features of neuronal synapses, including spike-type signal responses, short and long-term memory functions, and paired-pulse facilitation.

Exploring the nuances of synaptic depression, tonic excitation, and delayed accelerating responses induced by repetitive light signals, the artificial synapse exhibits memory retention from previous exposures and spike-frequency adaptation properties. The ability to control the adaptability to the frequency response by selecting the conductivity cutoff level allows it to be used as a potential component for neuromorphic chips and sensor systems.

Central to this innovation is the nanocrystalline ZnO film, replicating fundamental synaptic functions and responding to presynaptic stimulation in a way similar to natural neurons.

In the scientific landscape, this proposed optoelectronic synapse emerges as an attractive contender, outperforming previous electronics-only synapses. Its conductivity properties, combined with adaptability to frequency responses, position the nanocrystalline ZnO film-based synapse as a promising element in the ongoing evolution of artificial intelligence.