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Wu YC, Yang QP, Shen BT et al. Multifunctional mixed analog/digital signal processor based on integrated photonics. Opto-Electron Sci 3, 240012 (2024). doi: 10.29026/oes.2024.240012
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Multifunctional mixed analog/digital signal processor based on integrated photonics
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Abstract
Photonic signal processing offers a versatile and promising toolkit for contemporary scenarios ranging from digital optical communication to analog microwave operation. Compared to its electronic counterpart, it eliminates inherent bandwidth limitations and meanwhile exhibits the potential to provide unparalleled scalability and flexibility, particularly through integrated photonics. However, by far the on-chip solutions for optical signal processing are often tailored to specific tasks, which lacks versatility across diverse applications. Here, we propose a streamlined chip-level signal processing architecture that integrates different active and passive building blocks in silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform with a compact and efficient manner. Comprehensive and in-depth analyses for the architecture are conducted at levels of device, system, and application. Accompanied by appropriate configuring schemes, the photonic circuitry supports loading and processing both analog and digital signals simultaneously. Three distinct tasks are facilitated with one single chip across several mainstream fields, spanning optical computing, microwave photonics, and optical communications. Notably, it has demonstrated competitive performance in functions like image processing, spectrum filtering, and electro-optical bandwidth equalization. Boasting high universality and a compact form factor, the proposed architecture is poised to be instrumental for next-generation functional fusion systems. -
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References
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Wu YC, Yang QP, Shen BT et al. Multifunctional mixed analog/digital signal processor based on integrated photonics. Opto-Electron Sci 3, 240012 (2024). doi: 10.29026/oes.2024.240012
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Figure 1.
Integrated multi-functional information processor based on CMRR-DL. (a) The schematic of the chip layout. (b) Optical microscope image of the on-chip system. (c, f) The operational principle of the system as a (c) coherent or (f) incoherent architecture displayed by discrete devices. (d, e, g, h) Signals flow charts when applied in fields of (d, e) optical communication, (g) microwave photonics and (h) optical computing.
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Figure 2.
Optical images and fundamental characteristics of Si-based devices. (a–c) High-bandwidth silicon MZM. (b) The 3-dB EO bandwidth reaches 27 GHz. (c) The measured BER and eye diagrams versus data rates. (d–f) Tunable MRRs with on-ring TiN heater. (e) Normalized transmission spectra and (f) normalized power at a fixed wavelength versus TiN heater voltages. (g–i) The silicon spiral waveguide delay line. (h) Simulated group refractive index of the fundamental transverse electric (TE) mode versus width variation for various nominal widths. (i) The measured average delay time is 58 ps per spiral waveguide delay line.
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Figure 3.
Fundamental characteristics at the system level of the CMRR-DL structure. (a) Measured and simulated optical normalized spectra of drop port when heaters are deactivated. (b) Measured spectrum with a particular set of voltages applied to make resonant wavelength of the 9 MRRs distribute uniformly. (c) Flattened peaks of MRRs by adjusting coupling states of MRRs. (d) Normalized transmission versus coupling coefficients of MRR. (e) Structure of MRR with AMZI structure and (f) simulated spectra showing tunable peak power when applying different Δneff on the AMZI region to simulate the phase shift changing. (g, h) The demonstration of the multiplication operation. (g) Experimental setup and flow chart to set multipliers by gradient descent algorithm. (h) The measured multipliers’ deviation. (i–k) The demonstration of summation operation. (i) Experimental setup. (j) Signals propagating through different paths with a bit-period time delay. (k) Measured and simulated summation results in the electric domain.
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Figure 4.
Experimental demonstrations of reconfigurable MWP filter and image edge detection. (a–c) Diagram of the experimental setup, lines in red for MWP filter and lines in purple for image process. Optical images of (b) Nonlinear MRR and (c) packaged SOI chip. (d) Optical spectrum of optical frequency comb used as parallel multi-wavelength source generated by nonlinear MRR. (e–g) Reconfigurable MWP filter results. (e) Optical spectra of comb lines with Gaussian envelope, adjusted by the CMRR-DL system. RF filtering response (f) in the non-dispersive delay scheme and (g) in the dispersive delay scheme. (h–k) Image edge detection results. (h) The picture of symbol alpha used as the input image. (i) Two 2x2 kernels (Roberts operator) for edge detection. (j) Measured time-series data. (k) Detected image edge from simulation and experiment.
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Figure 5.
Experimental demonstrations of the low-cost optical equalizer. (a) Diagram of the experimental setup. (b) Optical spectra of the CMRR-DL system and optical carrier frequency under different conditions: (i) at the flat region of the through port, (ii) in the center of two rings’ resonances of the drop port, (iii) at the slope region of the drop port. (c) Normalized S21 under different conditions. (d, e) Eye diagrams and Q-factors (d) before and (e) after equalization.
