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Tan DZ, Sun K, Li ZL, Xu BB, Qiu JR. Photo-processing of perovskites: current research status and challenges. Opto-Electron Sci 1, 220014 (2022). doi: 10.29026/oes.2022.220014
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Review Open Access
Photo-processing of perovskites: current research status and challenges
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Abstract
The past two decades have seen a drastic progress in the development of semiconducting metal-halide perovskites (MHPs) from both the fundamentally scientific and technological points of view. The excellent optoelectronic properties and device performance make perovskites very attractive to the researchers in materials, physics, chemistry and so on. To fully explore the potential of perovskites in the applications, various techniques have been demonstrated to synthesize perovskites, modify their structures, and create patterns and devices. Among them, photo-processing has been revealed to be a facile and general technique to achieve these aims. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of photo-processing of perovskites and summarize the recent progress in the photo-processing of perovskites for synthesis, patterning, ion exchange, phase transition, assembly, and ion migration and redistribution. The applications of photo-processed perovskites in photovoltaic devices, lasers, photodetectors, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and optical data storage and encryption are also discussed. Finally, we provide an outlook on photo-processing of perovskites and propose the promising directions for future researches. This review is of significance to the researches and applications of perovskites and also to uncover new views on the light-matter interactions.-
Keywords:
- perovskites /
- photo-processing /
- optical properties /
- opto-electronic devices
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References
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Tan DZ, Sun K, Li ZL, Xu BB, Qiu JR. Photo-processing of perovskites: current research status and challenges. Opto-Electron Sci 1, 220014 (2022). doi: 10.29026/oes.2022.220014
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Figure 1.
Schematic overview of the current research on the photo-processing of perovskites.
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Figure 2.
(a) Optical absorption spectra (dash curves) and PL spectra (solid curves) of CsPbX3 perovskite NCs with various halide compositions. SEM images of perovskite films produced by (b) thermal annealing, (c) nanosecond laser writing, and (d) nanosecond laser writing with addition of carbon quantum dots. Scale bar, 500 nm. (e) Optical images and PL mapping of a CsPbBr3 perovskite array during the erasing–recovery processes excited by UV light. Scale bars: 100 μm. Figure reproduced with permission from: (a) ref.43, Elsevier; (b–d) ref.69, John Wiley and Sons; ref.75, Springer Nature.
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Figure 3.
(a) Mechanism of UV light induced patterning of perovskite NCs. (b) Patterning of various perovskite NCs. SEM images of the CsPbBr3 microlenses (c) and surface gratings (d). Figure reproduced with permission from: (a, b) ref.42, under a Creative Commons AttributionLicense 4.0; (c, d) ref.53, John Wiley and Sons.
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Figure 4.
(a) Schematic of ultrafast laser–induced liquid nanophase separation and generation of CsPb(Br1−xIx)3 perovskite NCs. (b) PL mappings and spectra of CsPb(Br1−xIx)3 perovskite NCs. Scale bar: 10 μm. (c) PL mappings and spectra of perovskite NCs in the Cl−-Br−-I− codoped glass. Figure reproduced with permission from ref.33, American Association for the Advancement of Science.
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Figure 5.
(a) Schematic diagram of laser induced phase transition from CsPb2Br5 to CsPbBr3 inside a CsPb2Br5 microplatelet. (b) PL spectra of CsPbBr3 generated by laser irradiation with various times (65 s per time). (c) The integral PL intensity as a function of the excitation intensity. (d) Schematic diagram of the strong cavity mode spontaneous emission of the laser-written CsPbBr3 in the CsPb2Br5 microplatelet. Figure reproduced with permission from ref.97, American Chemical Society.
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Figure 6.
(a–d) Light induced shape evolution of CsPbBr3 nanostructures with an increase in irradiation. (e) Schematic of light-induced ligand removal mechanism and assembly of CsPbBr3 nanocubes. (f) High-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy image of assembled nanostructures. (g) Cubic and (h) spindle perovskite superlattices. Figure reproduced with permission from: ref.102, American Chemical Society; ref.105, John Wiley and Sons.
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Figure 7.
(a) SEM images of a CsPbBr3 nanowire with laser-patterned nanogratings. (b) A schematically nanowire laser with vertically emitting light from its upper face. (c) PL image of the nanowire laser. (d) Photodetector arrays based on laser-written perovskites. Figure reproduced with permission from: (a−c) ref.51, American Chemical Society; ref.70, John Wiley and Sons.
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Figure 8.
(a) Schematic illustration of micro-LED devices with laser-written perovskite NCs inside a glass. (b) A dynamic holographic display. (c) PL mapping of the 3D perovskite dots in glass. (d) PL mapping of a perovskite pattern with tunable emission wavelength. Figure reproduced with permission from ref.33, American Association for the Advancement of Science.
