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Meng WJ, Hua YL, Cheng K, Li BL, Liu TT et al. 100 Hertz frame-rate switching three-dimensional orbital angular momentum multiplexing holography via cross convolution. Opto-Electron Sci 1, 220004 (2022). doi: 10.29026/oes.2022.220004
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100 Hertz frame-rate switching three-dimensional orbital angular momentum multiplexing holography via cross convolution
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Abstract
The orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light has been implemented as an information carrier in OAM holography. Holographic information can be multiplexed in theoretical unbounded OAM channels, promoting the applications of optically addressable dynamic display and high-security optical encryption. However, the frame-rate of the dynamic extraction of the information reconstruction process in OAM holography is physically determined by the switching speed of the incident OAM states, which is currently below 30 Hz limited by refreshing rate of the phase-modulation spatial light modulator (SLM). Here, based on a cross convolution with the spatial frequency of the OAM-multiplexing hologram, the spatial frequencies of an elaborately-designed amplitude distribution, namely amplitude decoding key, has been adopted for the extraction of three-dimensional holographic information encoded in a specific OAM information channel. We experimentally demonstrated a dynamic extraction frame rate of 100 Hz from an OAM multiplexing hologram with 10 information channels indicated by individual OAM values from –50 to 50. The new concept of cross convolution theorem can even provide the potential of parallel reproduction and distribution of information encoded in many OAM channels at various positions which boosts the capacity of information processing far beyond the traditional decoding methods. Thus, our results provide a holographic paradigm for high-speed 3D information processing, paving an unprecedented way to achieve the high-capacity short-range optical communication system.-
Keywords:
- orbital-angular-momentum holography /
- multiplexing /
- high frame rate /
- switching /
- cross convolution
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References
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Meng WJ, Hua YL, Cheng K, Li BL, Liu TT et al. 100 Hertz frame-rate switching three-dimensional orbital angular momentum multiplexing holography via cross convolution. Opto-Electron Sci 1, 220004 (2022). doi: 10.29026/oes.2022.220004
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Figure 1.
The schematical diagram of the high-frame-rate information extraction from an OAM multiplexing hologram. Ten images of the Arabic numerals ranging from 0 to 9 are encoded with OAM charges ranging from –50 to 50. Different colors represent different information channels indicated by specific OAM charges. Amplitude decoding keys are loaded on the DMD sequentially with corresponding decoding OAM charge for reproduction of the images. The lower right inset represents the time sequence for obtaining each image of the Arabic numeral by switching on the corresponding decoding patterns on DMD. Acquisition of the first few significant digits of the value π is illustrated in this figure.
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Figure 2.
The schematic diagram of the information extraction from an OAM selective hologram and an OAM multiplexing hologram via cross convolution. (a) The principle of the cross convolution theorem for an OAM selective holography. For an OAM selective holography, the image (here, a music symbol) is sampled, Fourier transformed and superposed with a specific helical phase to form an OAM selective hologram. By applying corresponding ADK on the DMD, reproduction of the image can be displayed on the imaging plane. The ADK will result in a series of images due to its spatial frequency distribution. But only when the cross convolution theorem holds, these images are separated clearly and an exclusive image with basic Gaussian pixels will appear in a specific diffraction order. (b) The encoding and decoding process of OAM multiplexing holography. For OAM multiplexing holography, various images (four letters of an alphabet) are encoded in a single hologram with four OAM information channels indicated by OAM charge of –10, –5, 5 and 10. By applying the corresponding ADKs of these information channels, the images can be reconstructed.
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Figure 3.
Three-dimensional holography based on the cross convolution theorem. (a) The experimental setup of three-dimensional holography with an OAM selective hologram via cross convolution. Three images of the letter “I”, “P” and “C” with different z coordinates form a 3D image. They are first per-shaped with different parabolic phases and then encoded with a same OAM charge (ls = 1) in an OAM selective hologram. The lens F1, F2 and pinhole before the SLM constitute the collimation and filtering system which provide a plane wave illumination of the hologram with a finite aperture. The SLM and DMD are loaded with OAM selective hologram and corresponding ADK, respectively. They are coupled to the main optical path through two beam splitters and they meet the accurate imaging relationship through the two lenses of F3 and F4. CCD is moved to obtain the reconstructed images of the letters through the imaging lens of F5. (b) The simulation and experimental results of this holographic 3D display based on cross convolution theorem.
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Figure 4.
A high-frame-rate information transmission example through OAM multiplexing holography based on cross convolution theorem. (a) The OAM multiplexing hologram which contains ten images of the Arabic numerals ranging from 0 to 9 encoded with OAM charges ranging from –50 to 50. (b) Sequential transmission of the first 100 significant digits of the value π through holography. (c) The individual SNRs for each image of the Arabic numeral. (d) The simulation and experimental results of holographic reconstruction of a specific image of an Arabic numeral “3”.
