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Thin-wall structures servicing under some extreme conditions may risk fatigue failure and lead to undesirable disasters. The service life of components will be prolonged if their fatigue performance can be enhanced. Since fatigue failure mainly emerges from the surface of the component, it can be delayed if the surface property can be improved with some surface treatment methods, such as heat treatment, chemical treatment, and strain-strengthening treatment. Strain strengthening methods can modify the residual stress field and micro-structure by inducing inelastic deformation to enhance fatigue performance. Compared with other surface treatment methods, strain-strengthening methods have attracted much attention in the past several years due to their low costs, high efficiency, and flexibility. Among the strain-strengthing methods, laser shock peening (LSP) shows an excellent strengthening effect because it can bring deeper compressive residual stress and finer grains with less sacrifice on the surface integrity. Besides, LSP can be applied to process complex and convert surfaces that are hard to be touched by traditional surface treatment methods. Therefore, LSP is viewed as the most promising method for the fatigue life extension of key components in aerospace, vehicles, and ships.
The traditional single-sided laser shock peening (SLSP) is generally used to treat thick-wall components with significant stiffness because the distortion induced by SLSP can be inhibited. However, for the thin-walled structures with low stiffness, the geometry shape can be changed due to the laser-induced local deformation. More seriously, the impact inertia induced by the laser-induced shock wave leads to the fracture of thin-walled structures. Therefore, shape accuracy should be taken into account carefully when the LSP is used to treat thin-wall structures.
The double-sided laser shock peening (DSLSP) is proposed to overcome the surface treatment problem related to thin-walled parts with complex surfaces. DSLSP can induce symmetric local deformation on both sides of the workpiece. The symmetric deformation can ensure shape accuracy by forcing local deformation on two sides to eliminate each other. Besides, DSLSP induces compressive residual stress and refined grains on both sides of the workpiece, which contributes to excellent fatigue performance. Recently, DSLSP has attracted great research attention and plays an increasingly critical role in the fatigue life extension of thin-walled components. However, few summaries on DSLSP have been reported in the past several years. For a better understanding of DNLSP, this article summarizes its technical principle, physical mechanism, application, and other aspects, and prospects of its existing problems and development prospects.
Schematic diagram of traditional laser shock peening
Schematic diagram of DSLS
Schematic diagram of DNLSP
The variation of residual stress on workpiece surface with impact mode (one side: SLSP; zero phase: DSLSP)[26]
The topography of the workpiece and the absorption film[29]. (a) The surface morphology of the workpiece; (b) 3D morphology of the workpiece; (c) Surface morphology of the absorption layer; (d) 3D morphology of the absorption layer
Double-sided laser shock peening stress wave propagating in the blade[30]. (a) DSLSP; (b) DNLSP
Residual stress induced by DSLSP[11]. (a) Surface residual stress; (b) Residual stress in the thickness direction
Residual stress field of DLSP. (a) Effect of sheet thickness on the residual stress field of DSLSP[27]; (b) Residual stress field of DNLSP[34]
Stress distribution at the edge induced by double-sided laser shock peening[30]. (a) DNLSP; (b) DSLSP
Titanium alloy sheet subject to DNLSP[22]. (a) Transverse plastic strain distribution in the thickness direction; (b) Equivalent bending moment of SLSP and DLSP under different energy; (c) Parts after laser shock peening; (d) Contour graph
Crack propagation path[38]. (a) Before grain refinement; (b) After grain refinement
Unfavorable stress distribution induced by DSLSP[41]
Two different scan paths[43]. (a) Z-scan path; (b) Optimized scanning path
Different laser shock processing strategies[46]. (a) Path 1; (b) Path 2; (c) Path 3
Different laser shock processing strategy[35]. (a) Strategy 1; (b) Strategy 2; (c) Strategy 3
Influence of region design of DSLSP on the strengthening effect[47]. (a) Impact zone design; (b) Life extension effect; (c) Edge collapse
Different DSLSP loading modes in two impact regions[48]. (a) Geometric dimensions of the workpiece; (b) Impact area 1; (c) Impact area 2
Soft and hard alternate energy absorption structures and grain distribution refined by laser shock peening. (a) Soft and hard alternating energy absorbing structures; (b) Grain distribution refinement[48]
Schematic illustrations of laser shock wave interaction on Mg-Al-Mn alloy sheet subjected to DSLSP[49]. (a) One-sided LSP impacts; (b) Two-sided and simultaneous LSP impacts for the thin sheet; (c) Two-sided and simultaneous LSP impacts for the thin sheet
Variation of residual stress along the thickness direction[52]