Research progress in miniaturized multidimensional light field detection and imaging

The light field carries multidimensional information, including intensity, polarization, spectrum, phase, depth, and so on. The efficient and highly integrated sensing of these dimensions is a central goal in optical detection and imaging. This review systematically outlines recent progress in miniaturized multidimensional light field detection and imaging, focusing on metasurface-based technologies. The design principles and performance of metasurface-based devices for polarization, spectrum, polarization-spectrum combined, and depth sensing are analyzed. The role of computational imaging in enhancing system integration and information reconstruction through hardware encoding and algorithmic reconstruction is highlighted. Finally, the current challenges are summarized, and future directions, such as reconfigurable and multimodal fusion approaches, are presented.