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Li J, Lu XG, Li H et al. Racemic dielectric metasurfaces for arbitrary terahertz polarization rotation and wavefront manipulation. Opto-Electron Adv 7, 240075 (2024). doi: 10.29026/oea.2024.240075
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Article Open Access
Racemic dielectric metasurfaces for arbitrary terahertz polarization rotation and wavefront manipulation
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Abstract
Dielectric chiral metasurface is a new type of planar and efficient chiral optical device that shows strong circular dichroism or optical activity, which has important application potential in optical sensing and display. However, the two types of chiral optical responses in conventional chiral metasurfaces are often interdependent, as their modulation of the amplitudes and phases of orthogonal circularly polarized components is correlated, which limits the further progress of chiral meta-devices. Here we propose a new scheme for independently designing the circular dichroism and optical activity of chiral metasurfaces to further control the polarization and wavefront of transmitted waves. Inspired by mixtures of chiral molecular isomers, we use the dielectric isomer resonators to form “super-units” instead of single meta-atoms for chiral responses in terahertz band, which is called racemic metasurface. By introducing two levels of Pancharatnam-Berry phases between meta-atoms and “super-units”, the polarization rotation angle and wavefront of the beam can be designed without the far-field circular dichroism. We demonstrate the strong control ability on terahertz waves of this scheme through simulation and experiments. In addition, this new type of device with near-field chirality but no far-field circular dichroism may also have important value in optical sensing and other technologies.-
Keywords:
- racemic /
- dielectric metasurfaces /
- terahertz waves /
- chirality
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References
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Supplementary Information
Supplementary information for Racemic dielectric metasurfaces for arbitrary terahertz polarization rotation and wavefrontmanipulation
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Li J, Lu XG, Li H et al. Racemic dielectric metasurfaces for arbitrary terahertz polarization rotation and wavefront manipulation. Opto-Electron Adv 7, 240075 (2024). doi: 10.29026/oea.2024.240075
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Figure 1.
(a) Arbitrary polarization rotation and wavefront control capability of the device, such as beam deflection, focusing and vortex generation with different polarization rotation angles. (b) The array structure of a meta-device consisting of "super-units", where the chiral meta-atoms are rotated with different angles. (c) The composition of a "super-unit", where the red and blue parts respectively represent two different chiral meta-atoms (enantiomer A and enantiomer B, Ent A and Ent B). (d) The geometric parameters of the chiral meta-atoms, which are applicable to both Ent A and Ent B.
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Figure 2.
(a, b) Circularly polarized transmission coefficients of the chiral enantiomers. (c) The transmission component tRL of the meta-atoms with different rotation angles. (d) The transmission amplitude and phase of chiral meta-atoms with different rotation angles at the operating frequency of 1 THz. (e) The localized electric field excited by LCP and RCP waves of meta-atoms with different rotation angles.
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Figure 3.
(a) Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the chiral metasurface sample, the scale bar is 200 μm. (b) Schematic diagram of the polarization resolved terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system. (c, d) Measured results of the circularly polarized transmission spectra for two chiral metasurfaces.
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Figure 4.
(a–c) Simulation results of the transmission circular dichroism for three types of super-units. (d–f) Local electric field excited by circularly polarized waves at 1 THz for three types of super-units. (g–i) Super-units with different rotation angles and the simulation results of their optical rotation function (β= 0°, 45°, and 90°).
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Figure 5.
(a) Simulated linearly polarized transmission spectra of the super-unit arrays (β=90°). (b) Example for generating relative phase between super-units (with common rotation angle β1=0, 45, 90°). (c) Design of the metasurface phase profile for beam focusing. (d) Simulation results of the focused beam in longitudinal cross-section (xoz plane). (e, f) Simulation results of the focused beam in transverse cross-section (xoy plane). (g) Localized SEM images of the racemic dielectric metasurface. (h, i) Experimental results of focused beam in transverse cross-section. (j) Experimental optical path for measuring focused terahertz beam.
