Zhuo Rusheng, Wang Xiangru, He Xiaoxian, et al. The realizable method for large diameter liquid crystal optical phased array and the analysis of its far-field characteristics[J]. Opto-Electronic Engineering, 2018, 45(10): 180108. doi: 10.12086/oee.2018.180108
Citation: Zhuo Rusheng, Wang Xiangru, He Xiaoxian, et al. The realizable method for large diameter liquid crystal optical phased array and the analysis of its far-field characteristics[J]. Opto-Electronic Engineering, 2018, 45(10): 180108. doi: 10.12086/oee.2018.180108

The realizable method for large diameter liquid crystal optical phased array and the analysis of its far-field characteristics

    Fund Project: Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (61775026) and Equipment Pre-research Fund Key Projects (6140923070101)
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  • The optical aperture of the antenna is an important technical indicator of the liquid crystal optical phased array. Based on the multi-subarray parallel driving and two-level device cascade method (PAPA), in this paper, an improved i-PAPA method was proposed. Large area phased beam control is realized on a single phased array antenna by subdivision of the COM electrodes, and it has the advantages of single device operation and low insertion loss. Through numerical simulation, the results show that the antenna near field phase has continuous distribution; when the point angle varies from 0 degrees to +6 degrees, the far-field diffraction efficiency drops smoothly and monotonously as the point angle increases, the diffraction efficiency is greater than 48%; When the point angle varies from 0 degrees to +3 degrees, the diffraction the efficiency is greater than 80%.
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  • Overview: After entering the 21st century, laser technology has achieved rapid development, especially laser communication, laser radar, laser guidance, laser weapons and many other application scenarios. Optical phased array as the latest beam control technology has become an international research hotspot. With the increase of the optical aperture of the liquid crystal optical phased array antenna, the number of output channels of a commercial driver chip cannot satisfy the demand for hundreds of thousands of array cells. Using a multi-subarray parallel driver and a two-stage device cascade method (PAPA technology), the equivalent implementation of beam control of a large aperture array antenna is a conventional solution. However, this method has the disadvantages of high alignment accuracy, large system insertion loss, and others.

    This paper proposes an improved i-PAPA method based on PAPA technology. Its core idea is to extend the single common electrode of the LC phased array antenna to the panel-controlled array electrodes on the basis of the PAPA structure. On the array antenna, a large-aperture liquid crystal optical phased array device with a diameter of larger than 40mm is realized, which essentially integrates phase modulation and phase compensation on a single liquid crystal phased array antenna. Compared to the conventional PAPA method, i-PAPA can reduce the number of phased array devices by half, reducing system insertion loss and heat accumulation, and transferring the alignment process to the device's processing process. The prior art process can meet its requirements, eliminating the need for assembly and alignment of multiple optical components.

    Through numerical simulation analysis, the results show that the near-field phase of the adjacent sub-aperture electrodes in the PAPA structure is not necessarily an equal-difference distribution, but an average distribution between 0 and 2π; At a steering angle of 0 degree to 6 degree, the far-field diffraction efficiency follows the diffraction characteristics of blazed binary grating, and the relationship between the diffraction efficiency and the deflection angle of a single device is a decreasing oscillation. The near-field phase of the adjacent sub-aperture electrodes in the i-PAPA structure is always equal-distance distribution. When the steering angle varies from 0 degree to 6 degree, the far-field diffraction intensity follows the phase pattern array angle. The far-field diffraction efficiency and the steering angle are smoothly decreasing. The far-field prime maximum spot exhibits a complete Gaussian distribution with diffraction efficiency greater than 48%. When the steering angle is in the range of 0 degree to +3 degree, the diffraction efficiency is greater than 80%.

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