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激光冲击强化技术的应用现状与发展

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文章导航 > 光电工程 > 2018 Vol. 45 > No. 2 > 170690

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吴嘉俊, 赵吉宾, 乔红超, 等. 激光冲击强化技术的应用现状与发展[J]. 光电工程, 2018, 45(2): 170690. doi: 10.12086/oee.2018.170690
引用本文: 吴嘉俊, 赵吉宾, 乔红超, 等. 激光冲击强化技术的应用现状与发展[J]. 光电工程, 2018, 45(2): 170690. doi: 10.12086/oee.2018.170690
shu
Wu Jiajun, Zhao Jibin, Qiao Hongchao, et al. The application status and development of laser shock processing[J]. Opto-Electronic Engineering, 2018, 45(2): 170690. doi: 10.12086/oee.2018.170690
Citation: Wu Jiajun, Zhao Jibin, Qiao Hongchao, et al. The application status and development of laser shock processing[J]. Opto-Electronic Engineering, 2018, 45(2): 170690. doi: 10.12086/oee.2018.170690
shu

激光冲击强化技术的应用现状与发展

    • 1.

      中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所装备制造技术研究室，辽宁 沈阳 110016

    • 2.

      中国科学院大学工程科学学院，北京 100049

  • 基金项目:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(51501219)；国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFB1102704)；国家基金委-辽宁省联合基金项目(U1608259)；辽宁省自然科学基金项目(2015020115)
详细信息
    作者简介:
  • 吴嘉俊(1992-)，男，硕士研究生，主要从事激光冲击强化表面改性技术的研究。E-mail：wujiajun@sia.cn
    • 通讯作者: 赵吉宾(1970-), 男，研究员，博士生导师，主要从事复杂曲面精密加工技术和激光快速成形与激光冲击强化技术的研究。E-mail：jbzhao@sia.cn

  • 中图分类号: O439

The application status and development of laser shock processing

    • 1.

      Manufacturing Technology Department, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China

    • 2.

      School of Engineering Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

  • Fund Project: Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (51501219), National Key Development Program (2016YFB1102704), NSFC-Liaoning Province United Foundation (U1608259) and National Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province (2015020115)
More Information

    摘要

  • 激光冲击强化是一种利用激光诱导等离子体冲击波来提高材料疲劳寿命的新型表面改性技术，具有强化效果显著、可控性强、适应性好等优点，对提高结构可靠性和部件疲劳强度、延长材料使用寿命具有重要作用。近年来，该技术受到了广泛重视，得到了快速发展。本文简要介绍了激光冲击强化技术的基本原理、特点与应用领域；总结了国内外激光冲击强化技术的发展状况与研究成果；并针对国内外激光冲击强化技术的现状，提出了一些现在需要解决的强化工艺问题；最后对激光冲击强化技术的应用前景进行了展望。

    Laser shock processing is a new type of surface modification technology that can improve the fatigue life of materials by using laser-induced plasma shock waves. It has the advantages of significant strengthening effect, strong controllability and good adaptability. Laser shock processing plays an important role in improving the structural reliability, the fatigue strength of parts and the service life of materials. In recent years, the technology has received widespread attention and developed rapidly. This paper briefly introduces the basic principle, characteristics and application fields of laser shock processing, and summarizes the development and research results of laser shock processing. In view of the current situation of laser shock processing at home and abroad, some problems of the technology that need to be solved now are put forward. Finally, the application prospect of laser shock processing is forecasted.

    • Overview

  • Overview: The fatigue properties of metal components are related to their surface integrity closely. In general, the components’ fatigue fracture, especially the high-cycle fatigue fracture is often due to the surface cracks, and the gradual expansion of the crack may leads to the overall destruction. In order to improve the structural reliability and extend the fatigue life without changing the properties of the matrix material, the surface strengthening technology has got more and more research and application internationally. Common surface strengthening techniques include shot peening, surface rolling, forging and extrusion, etc. Shot peening is a surface technology that uses the high-speed projectile to hit the material surface, which can produce Strain hardening layer and cause residual compressive stress in the surface. The compressive stress can cancel part of the working load (tensile stress), thereby enhancing the fatigue strength of the parts. Surface rolling can apply a certain amount of pressure to the surface of material by the rolling tools, and the local slight plastic deformation would occur in the surface of material, and improve the surface roughness and uniform the stress field distribution. Certainly, the technology of forging and the extrusion can introduce a certain amount of pressure in the surface of materials, and it can improve the mechanical properties and service life of materials too. With the development of high-end equipment such as aerospace, weapons, nuclear energy and transportation, the surface requirements of parts are becoming higher and higher. The traditional strengthening technique such as shot peening and surface rolling will difficult to meet the production requirements of high-performance equipment gradually. But the laser shock processing can solve these problems well. Laser shock processing is a new surface strengthening technology that can improve the fatigue life of materials by using laser-induced plasma shock waves. It has the advantages of significant strengthening effect, strong controllability and good adaptability. Laser shock processing plays an important role in improving the structural reliability, the fatigue strength of parts and the service life of materials. In recent years, laser shock processing has received widespread attention and developed rapidly. This paper briefly introduces the basic principle, characteristics and application fields of laser shock processing, and summarizes the development and research results of laser shock processing. In view of the current situation of laser shock processing at home and abroad, some problems of the technology that need to be solved now are put forward. Finally, the application prospect of laser shock processing is forecasted.

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  • 图 1  激光冲击强化原理示意图[5]

    Figure 1.  The schematics of laser shock processing[5]

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    图 2  残余应力场形成原理[12]

    Figure 2.  The formation mechanism of residual stress field[12]

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    图 3  可移动式激光冲击强化设备[37]

    Figure 3.  Removable laser shock peening equipment[37]

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    图 4  激光温喷丸原理图[39]

    Figure 4.  Schematic of warm laser peening[39]

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    图 5  整体叶盘激光冲击强化设备[47]

    Figure 5.  Overall leaf disk laser shock peening device[47]

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    图 6  新一代激光冲击强化原理图[48]

    Figure 6.  A new generation of laser shock peening schematics[48]

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收稿日期:  2017-12-15
修回日期:  2018-01-20
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